Voice English grammar ka wo topic hai jo batata hai ki sentence mein kaam Subject khud kar raha hai ya Subject par ho raha hai. Yeh topic board exams mein bhi bahut zaroori hai, kyunki Voice Change ke sawaal aksar poochhe jaate hain. Is post mein hum Active aur Passive Voice ke rules Hindi mein aasan examples ke saath seekhenge.
Active Voice kya hai
Active Voice mein Subject khud kaam karta hai.
Example: Ram reads a book. (Ram kitab padhta hai. - yahan Ram khud padh raha hai)
Passive Voice kya hai
Passive Voice mein kaam Subject par hota hai, aur jo pehle Object tha wo ab Subject ban jaata hai.
Example: A book is read by Ram. (Kitab Ram dwara padhi jaati hai. - yahan book par kaam ho raha hai)
Active se Passive banane ka Structure
Active: Subject + Verb + Object
Passive: Object + Be Verb + Verb (V3/Past Participle) + by + Subject
Tense ke hisaab se Rule (sabse zaroori table)
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | He writes a letter. | A letter is written by him. |
| Present Continuous | He is writing a letter. | A letter is being written by him. |
| Past Simple | He wrote a letter. | A letter was written by him. |
| Future Simple | He will write a letter. | A letter will be written by him. |
Active se Passive banane ke 4 Steps
1. Object ko Subject ki jagah le aao (sentence ki shuruaat mein).
2. Verb ki jagah Be Verb + V3 (Past Participle) lagao (tense ke hisaab se - is, was, will be wagairah).
3. Purane Subject se pehle by laga do.
4. Purane Subject ko end mein rakh do.
Example step-by-step:
Active: Ram eats a mango.
Step 1: A mango (Object aage)
Step 2: A mango is eaten (Be Verb + V3)
Step 3-4: A mango is eaten by Ram.
Kab Passive Voice nahi banta
Jin sentences mein Object hi nahi hota (Intransitive Verbs), unko Passive mein nahi badla ja sakta.
Example: She sleeps. (Isme koi Object nahi hai, isliye Passive nahi banega.)
Modal aur Helping Verbs wale sentences mein bhi rule thoda badal jaata hai (can, could, should, must ke saath be + V3 lagta hai).
Example: He can solve this problem. -> This problem can be solved by him.
Common Mistakes
Galat: A book is reading by her.
Sahi: A book is being read by her. (Present Continuous mein being lagana zaroori hai)
Galat: The work was did by him.
Sahi: The work was done by him. (V3 form done use hoga, did nahi)
Question Answer
Q1. Active aur Passive Voice mein kya farak hai?
Ans. Active Voice mein Subject khud kaam karta hai (Ram reads a book), jabki Passive Voice mein kaam Subject par hota hai (A book is read by Ram).
Q2. Active ko Passive mein badalne ka formula kya hai?
Ans. Object + Be Verb + Verb (V3) + by + Subject. Jaise: Object subject ki jagah aata hai, Verb V3 form mein badalta hai, aur purane subject se pehle by lagta hai.
Q3. Kya har sentence Passive Voice mein badla ja sakta hai?
Ans. Nahi. Jin sentences mein Object nahi hota (jaise She sleeps), unhe Passive Voice mein nahi badla ja sakta.
Q4. Present Continuous Tense ka Passive banate waqt kya dhyan rakhein?
Ans. Being zaroor lagega - jaise He is writing ka Passive hoga It is being written by him.
Word Meaning
| Word | Meaning (Hindi) |
|---|---|
| Active | Saakriya (khud kaam karne wala) |
| Passive | Nishkriya (jispar kaam ho raha ho) |
| Subject | Karta (jo kaam karta hai) |
| Object | Karm (jispar kaam hota hai) |
| Past Participle (V3) | Kriya ka teesra roop |
| Intransitive Verb | Akarmak Kriya (jiske baad Object na ho) |
Hindi Translation (Examples ka)
1. Ram reads a book. -> Ram kitab padhta hai.
2. A book is read by Ram. -> Kitab Ram dwara padhi jaati hai.
3. He wrote a letter. -> Usne ek chitthi likhi.
4. A letter was written by him. -> Uske dwara ek chitthi likhi gayi.
5. This problem can be solved by him. -> Yeh samasya uske dwara hal ki ja sakti hai.
Exercise (Practice ke liye)
Active ko Passive mein aur Passive ko Active mein badlo:
1. She writes a letter. (Active -> Passive)
2. The cake was baked by my mother. (Passive -> Active)
3. They are watching a movie. (Active -> Passive)
4. The window was broken by the boy. (Passive -> Active)
5. He will complete the work. (Active -> Passive)
Answers: 1) A letter is written by her. 2) My mother baked the cake. 3) A movie is being watched by them. 4) The boy broke the window. 5) The work will be completed by him.
Voice Change jaise exam-important topics poori practice ke saath seekhna hai?
Hamara English Grammar + Spoken English Mastery Course lein, jisme Active-Passive Voice, Narration aur baaki sabhi grammar topics detail mein cover kiya gaya hai.
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